...E Monopoli diventerà il mare dei balocchi dei petrolieri... La febbre del petrolio espone Monopoli the most serious threat that has ever run in its history. Having this
drilling off the coast of Monopoly means to give part of our territory to compañeros and oil / extract and oil of poor quality to be subjected to desulphurisation of highly polluting processes. 90% of the population will live in a district oil.
Oil companies pay the state about a 7% royalty and our region, only 1%. In other countries you pay 30% to 80% of royalties as compensation for environmental damage. Given the poor quality of our oil, low cost is the only reason that makes it interesting our regional area in the eyes of the oil . The oil wells will not bring jobs because oil companies use their own engineers from outside the region. The refineries are highly automated and the system will only serve a few dozen people. Instead, the oil pollution cover the activity throughout the region with heavy consequences on people's health and the economy '. It is known from scientific studies that oil the southern Adriatic coast and of poor quality because it is rich in sulfur. For be transported away from our Monopoly through the same port of Monopoli (I think, or at most of Bari and Brindisi) must first be subjected to a processo di raffinazione. Il prodotto di scarto più pericoloso è l’idrogeno solforato (H2S) dagli effetti letali sulla salute umana anche a piccole dosi. L’Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanita’ raccomanda di non superare 0.005 parti per milione (ppm) mentre in Italia il limite massimo previsto dalla legge è pari a 30 ppm : ben 6000 volte di più. In mare addirittura non ci sono limiti in Italia. Politici e petrolieri diranno che tutto è a norma di legge, ed è vero! Il problema è che tali leggi sono fatte per tutelare i loro interessi e non i nostri! (Un invito a leggere uno studio all'indirizzo: http://www.csun.edu/~dorsogna/h2s.pdf ).
Le attività di perforazione e produzione di petrolio dal fondo marino contribuiscono per il 2% all'inquinamento marino. Questo 2% va sommato al 12% dovuto agli incidenti nel trasporto marittimo, si aggiunge il 33% per operazioni sulle navi relative a carico e scarico, bunkeraggio, lavaggio, scarichi di acque di sentina o perdite sistematiche, che porta al 45% l'apporto complessivo di inquinamento dovuto a perdita dalle navi. Un consistente apporto di inquinamento da petrolio, stimato al 37%, è quello che proviene da scarichi urbani e industriali, sistematici o accidentali, e perdite da raffinerie, oleodotti, depositi. Inoltre le ricadute atmosferiche di idrocarburi evaporati o parzialmente incombusti danno un apporto del 9%, sorgenti sottomarine rilasciano per trasudamento naturale un apporto del 7%.
I danni causati agli ecosistemi dagli sversamenti di petrolio dipendono da molti fattori tra cui vi sono la quantità, le caratteristiche del petrolio stesso e la sua distribuzione.Quest'ultima dipende spesso da fattori incontrollabili come i venti o le correnti.Le caratteristiche chimico-fisiche del petrolio ne determinano la tossicità.Il petrolio costituito da un miscuglio di idrocarburi che sono suddivisi nelle seguenti classi:
1) Idrocarburi saturi (alcani, paraffine)
2) Idrocarburi insaturi (alcheni, olefine)
3) Idrocarburi aromatici, tra cui gli IPA (Idrocarburi aromatici policiclici)
4) Cicloparaffine.
A differenza degli altri idrocarburi, all the aromatic hydrocarbons are toxic. In particular PAHs are petroleum hydrocarbons more life-threatening, because of their carcinogenic action . Other important factors are the environmental conditions, such as salinity, water temperature and the type of coastline. These factors influence the effects on habitat, but also about how to clean-up.Vi Finally, the biological characteristics are represented by bodies that are affected by fenomeno.Queste features include the species, life stage (larval, juvenile or adult) and the critical taglia.La linked to the characteristics of the species itself but also its function and position nella catena alimentare.
Danni meno evidenti ma non meno pericolosi sono quelli derivanti dal bioaccumulo, cio dall'arricchimento di una sostanza negli organismi viventi per qualunque via, respirazione, ingestione di cibo, contatto. Il bioaccumulo e la biomagnificazione, cioè l'arricchimento esponenziale di una sostanza nella catena trofica, possono portare a livelli elevati di IPA nei tessuti degli organismi. Le relative conseguenze possono essere di alterazioni della riproduzione, immunotossicità, teratogenesi, carcinogenesi, alterazioni ormonali.
La trasformazione della nostra Monopoli in distretto minerario creerà un danno all’intero sistema agricolo e all’immagine dei prodotti eno-gastronomici monopolitani
The incompatibility 'between agriculture and refineries has been scientifically proven over 30 years ago. At present there are no technologies that can avoid environmental damage. For this reason, in the U.S. and other European countries are not allowed any kind of refining facilities near residential areas.
There will also be an incalculable loss in tourism and hotel industry: those who want to spend their holidays in flames 30 meters high and it stinks of rotten eggs (H 2 S)?
oil extraction and refining process involving a great deal of water. Only the installation of desulphurisation use MILLION gallons of drinking water per day. Water from the aqueduct would be taken public, already perennially deficient in summer. These waters contaminated by sulfur and heavy metals will then be routed back into the ground with a very serious risk of contamination of groundwater. In Basilicata is already successo.Secondo my calculations (being an environmental engineer) drilling to be 53.2 million gross barrels of oil and 36.5 million barrels net to give out each year: 112 tonnes of sulfur dioxide, 322 tonnes of nitrates, 80 tonnes of carbon monoxide carbon, 1.2 tons of particulate matter and 2.2 tons of volatile organic compounds (with an underestimation of 20%).
Still, the U.S. offshore drilling must be carried out at 160 km from the coast for fear of possible accidents which discharge oil sulla costa e questo dal 1969. Tali vincoli non esistono in Italia e a Monopoli la Northern Petroleum Plc
vuole installare un piattaforma a 16 km dalla costa. Conoscete qualcuno che vorrà venire in vacanza all’ombra di una piattaforma petrolifera?
La ricaduta delle sostanze inquinanti immesse nell’aria e nell’acqua danneggiano le potenzialità agricole della regione. In Val d’Agri (Basilicata) 15 anni fa i petrolieri dicevano le stesse cose che dicono a noi e cioè che tutta la loro attività è compatibile con l’agricoltura e la salute umana. Evidentemente mentivano se oggi in Basilicata i terreni vengono abbandonati e lasciati incolti perché producono poco o niente e con pessima qualità. Gli stessi land, who were paid a high price by their respective owners today are worth nothing because there is no market. Nobody wants them. The result is a heavy financial loss that no one has ever compensated.
To all this must be added that there is a risk with perforations subsidence, which is the ground subsidence due to extraction of hydrocarbons. This phenomenon is sometimes screen headed by micro earthquakes and geological upheavals. In Italy, in 1936, were opened the first methane wells in the lagoon and in the same period began flooding the Polesine, attributed to its subsidence phenomenon. In 1963 he decided to turn off the gas wells to protect the people and then floods are a thing of Polesine. Recently there has been a trial for attempted Veneto Eni in flood and environmental disaster because this body has tried to build a well for oil in an area prohibited by the Ronchi Decree, drafted to protect the lagoon from subsidence.
The risk of subsidence is one of many reasons why the laws of other countries are very strict in the mining permits in the vicinity of protected areas, towns and coast. In the United States are prohibited oil extraction up to 160 km. from the Pacific coast and Atlantic. You can only drill in the sea off Texas in the Gulf of Mexico. But Texas has decided not to focus on marine tourism. The moratorium applies in U.S. waters since the early eighties and all the respect because no one wants to jeopardize their tourism industries. The great American lakes around Niagara Falls have an area of \u200b\u200babout one and a half times the Adriatic is the absolute ban on drilling for hazards on the natural cycle.
In Norway, the platforms are all at sea, at least 50 km from the coast and the Norwegian State guarantees a pension from the proceeds of oil to all its citizens. But Norway is the country most transparent in informing about the risks and damage of mining. A huge difference compared to the laws where even mild Italian controls, including on disposal of hazardous sewage sludge, are very rare and where the royalties, as demonstrated in the case of Basilicata, are among the lowest in the world.The oilmen working on petrolizzazione Monopoly by early 2000 and the political class knew, was silent and put his signature necessary. The only people not being informed were the ordinary people who would never accept the irreversible transformation of their territorio.Nel Meanwhile the press has failed in its investigative work hiding and ignoring the warnings by scientists and major scientific research bodies. Monopoli For this reason many still do not know anything about the terrible danger that our region is running.
However prevention is better than cure.
propose to hold a referendum to decide to Monopoli, masters of their territory if they want a black and a Monopoly Monopoly green. Call associations and institutions to organize all the necessary procedures for a referendum. A popular initiative but also institutional and see what they want Monopoli. One idea that could still be developed in the coming months, since it is not easy to organize and direct a referendum.Però could be a successful idea that passes through the involvement of people who until now have always been squeezed out by decisive choices for the territory and had the sole instrument of the battle of the manifestations of dissent.
A differenza degli altri idrocarburi, all the aromatic hydrocarbons are toxic. In particular PAHs are petroleum hydrocarbons more life-threatening, because of their carcinogenic action . Other important factors are the environmental conditions, such as salinity, water temperature and the type of coastline. These factors influence the effects on habitat, but also about how to clean-up.Vi Finally, the biological characteristics are represented by bodies that are affected by fenomeno.Queste features include the species, life stage (larval, juvenile or adult) and the critical taglia.La linked to the characteristics of the species itself but also its function and position nella catena alimentare.
Danni meno evidenti ma non meno pericolosi sono quelli derivanti dal bioaccumulo, cio dall'arricchimento di una sostanza negli organismi viventi per qualunque via, respirazione, ingestione di cibo, contatto. Il bioaccumulo e la biomagnificazione, cioè l'arricchimento esponenziale di una sostanza nella catena trofica, possono portare a livelli elevati di IPA nei tessuti degli organismi. Le relative conseguenze possono essere di alterazioni della riproduzione, immunotossicità, teratogenesi, carcinogenesi, alterazioni ormonali.
La trasformazione della nostra Monopoli in distretto minerario creerà un danno all’intero sistema agricolo e all’immagine dei prodotti eno-gastronomici monopolitani
The incompatibility 'between agriculture and refineries has been scientifically proven over 30 years ago. At present there are no technologies that can avoid environmental damage. For this reason, in the U.S. and other European countries are not allowed any kind of refining facilities near residential areas.
There will also be an incalculable loss in tourism and hotel industry: those who want to spend their holidays in flames 30 meters high and it stinks of rotten eggs (H 2 S)?
oil extraction and refining process involving a great deal of water. Only the installation of desulphurisation use MILLION gallons of drinking water per day. Water from the aqueduct would be taken public, already perennially deficient in summer. These waters contaminated by sulfur and heavy metals will then be routed back into the ground with a very serious risk of contamination of groundwater. In Basilicata is already successo.Secondo my calculations (being an environmental engineer) drilling to be 53.2 million gross barrels of oil and 36.5 million barrels net to give out each year: 112 tonnes of sulfur dioxide, 322 tonnes of nitrates, 80 tonnes of carbon monoxide carbon, 1.2 tons of particulate matter and 2.2 tons of volatile organic compounds (with an underestimation of 20%).
Still, the U.S. offshore drilling must be carried out at 160 km from the coast for fear of possible accidents which discharge oil sulla costa e questo dal 1969. Tali vincoli non esistono in Italia e a Monopoli la Northern Petroleum Plc
vuole installare un piattaforma a 16 km dalla costa. Conoscete qualcuno che vorrà venire in vacanza all’ombra di una piattaforma petrolifera?
La ricaduta delle sostanze inquinanti immesse nell’aria e nell’acqua danneggiano le potenzialità agricole della regione. In Val d’Agri (Basilicata) 15 anni fa i petrolieri dicevano le stesse cose che dicono a noi e cioè che tutta la loro attività è compatibile con l’agricoltura e la salute umana. Evidentemente mentivano se oggi in Basilicata i terreni vengono abbandonati e lasciati incolti perché producono poco o niente e con pessima qualità. Gli stessi land, who were paid a high price by their respective owners today are worth nothing because there is no market. Nobody wants them. The result is a heavy financial loss that no one has ever compensated.
To all this must be added that there is a risk with perforations subsidence, which is the ground subsidence due to extraction of hydrocarbons. This phenomenon is sometimes screen headed by micro earthquakes and geological upheavals. In Italy, in 1936, were opened the first methane wells in the lagoon and in the same period began flooding the Polesine, attributed to its subsidence phenomenon. In 1963 he decided to turn off the gas wells to protect the people and then floods are a thing of Polesine. Recently there has been a trial for attempted Veneto Eni in flood and environmental disaster because this body has tried to build a well for oil in an area prohibited by the Ronchi Decree, drafted to protect the lagoon from subsidence.
The risk of subsidence is one of many reasons why the laws of other countries are very strict in the mining permits in the vicinity of protected areas, towns and coast. In the United States are prohibited oil extraction up to 160 km. from the Pacific coast and Atlantic. You can only drill in the sea off Texas in the Gulf of Mexico. But Texas has decided not to focus on marine tourism. The moratorium applies in U.S. waters since the early eighties and all the respect because no one wants to jeopardize their tourism industries. The great American lakes around Niagara Falls have an area of \u200b\u200babout one and a half times the Adriatic is the absolute ban on drilling for hazards on the natural cycle.
In Norway, the platforms are all at sea, at least 50 km from the coast and the Norwegian State guarantees a pension from the proceeds of oil to all its citizens. But Norway is the country most transparent in informing about the risks and damage of mining. A huge difference compared to the laws where even mild Italian controls, including on disposal of hazardous sewage sludge, are very rare and where the royalties, as demonstrated in the case of Basilicata, are among the lowest in the world.The oilmen working on petrolizzazione Monopoly by early 2000 and the political class knew, was silent and put his signature necessary. The only people not being informed were the ordinary people who would never accept the irreversible transformation of their territorio.Nel Meanwhile the press has failed in its investigative work hiding and ignoring the warnings by scientists and major scientific research bodies. Monopoli For this reason many still do not know anything about the terrible danger that our region is running.
However prevention is better than cure.
propose to hold a referendum to decide to Monopoli, masters of their territory if they want a black and a Monopoly Monopoly green. Call associations and institutions to organize all the necessary procedures for a referendum. A popular initiative but also institutional and see what they want Monopoli. One idea that could still be developed in the coming months, since it is not easy to organize and direct a referendum.Però could be a successful idea that passes through the involvement of people who until now have always been squeezed out by decisive choices for the territory and had the sole instrument of the battle of the manifestations of dissent.
ing. Joseph Deleonibus
President of Citizen GREEN for Peace
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